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- GETHOSTBYNAME(3) GETHOSTBYNAME(3)
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- NNAAMMEE
- gethostbyname, gethostbyaddr, gethostent, sethostent, end-
- hostent, herror - get network host entry
-
- SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS
- ##iinncclluuddee <<nneettddbb..hh>>
-
- eexxtteerrnn iinntt hh__eerrrrnnoo;;
-
- ssttrruucctt hhoosstteenntt **ggeetthhoossttbbyynnaammee((nnaammee))
- cchhaarr **nnaammee;;
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- ssttrruucctt hhoosstteenntt **ggeetthhoossttbbyyaaddddrr((aaddddrr,, lleenn,, ttyyppee))
- cchhaarr **aaddddrr;; iinntt lleenn,, ttyyppee;;
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- ssttrruucctt hhoosstteenntt **ggeetthhoosstteenntt(())
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- sseetthhoosstteenntt((ssttaayyooppeenn))
- iinntt ssttaayyooppeenn;;
-
- eennddhhoosstteenntt(())
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- hheerrrroorr((ssttrriinngg))
- cchhaarr **ssttrriinngg;;
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-
- DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN
- _G_e_t_h_o_s_t_b_y_n_a_m_e and _g_e_t_h_o_s_t_b_y_a_d_d_r each return a pointer to
- an object with the following structure describing an
- internet host referenced by name or by address, respec-
- tively. This structure contains either the information
- obtained from the name server, _n_a_m_e_d(8), or broken-out
- fields from a line in _/_e_t_c_/_h_o_s_t_s. If the local name
- server is not running these routines do a lookup in
- _/_e_t_c_/_h_o_s_t_s.
-
- struct hostent {
- char *h_name; /* official name of host */
- char **h_aliases; /* alias list */
- int h_addrtype; /* host address type */
- int h_length; /* length of address */
- char **h_addr_list; /* list of addresses from name server */
- };
- #define h_addr h_addr_list[0] /* address, for backward compatibility */
-
- The members of this structure are:
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- h_name Official name of the host.
-
- h_aliases A zero terminated array of alternate names
- for the host.
-
- h_addrtype The type of address being returned; currently
- always AF_INET.
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- GETHOSTBYNAME(3) GETHOSTBYNAME(3)
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- h_length The length, in bytes, of the address.
-
- h_addr_list A zero terminated array of network addresses
- for the host. Host addresses are returned in
- network byte order.
-
- h_addr The first address in h_addr_list; this is for
- backward compatiblity.
-
- When using the nameserver, _g_e_t_h_o_s_t_b_y_n_a_m_e will search for
- the named host in the current domain and its parents
- unless the name ends in a dot. If the name contains no
- dot, and if the environment variable ``HOSTALAIASES'' con-
- tains the name of an alias file, the alias file will first
- be searched for an alias matching the input name. See
- _h_o_s_t_n_a_m_e(7) for the domain search procedure and the alias
- file format.
-
- _S_e_t_h_o_s_t_e_n_t may be used to request the use of a connected
- TCP socket for queries. If the _s_t_a_y_o_p_e_n flag is non-zero,
- this sets the option to send all queries to the name
- server using TCP and to retain the connection after each
- call to _g_e_t_h_o_s_t_b_y_n_a_m_e or _g_e_t_h_o_s_t_b_y_a_d_d_r. Otherwise,
- queries are performed using UDP datagrams.
-
- _E_n_d_h_o_s_t_e_n_t closes the TCP connection.
-
- DDIIAAGGNNOOSSTTIICCSS
- Error return status from _g_e_t_h_o_s_t_b_y_n_a_m_e and _g_e_t_h_o_s_t_b_y_a_d_d_r
- is indicated by return of a null pointer. The external
- integer _h___e_r_r_n_o may then be checked to see whether this is
- a temporary failure or an invalid or unknown host. The
- routine _h_e_r_r_o_r can be used to print an error message
- describing the failure. If its argument _s_t_r_i_n_g is non-
- NULL, it is printed, followed by a colon and a space. The
- error message is printed with a trailing newline.
-
- _h___e_r_r_n_o can have the following values:
-
- HOST_NOT_FOUND No such host is known.
-
- TRY_AGAIN This is usually a temporary error
- and means that the local server did
- not receive a response from an
- authoritative server. A retry at
- some later time may succeed.
-
- NO_RECOVERY Some unexpected server failure was
- encountered. This is a non-
- recoverable error.
-
- NO_DATA The requested name is valid but
- does not have an IP address; this
- is not a temporary error. This
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- GETHOSTBYNAME(3) GETHOSTBYNAME(3)
-
-
- means that the name is known to the
- name server but there is no address
- associated with this name. Another
- type of request to the name server
- using this domain name will result
- in an answer; for example, a mail-
- forwarder may be registered for
- this domain.
-
- FFIILLEESS
- /etc/hosts
-
- SSEEEE AALLSSOO
- resolver(3), hosts(5), hostname(7), named(8)
-
- CCAAVVEEAATT
- _G_e_t_h_o_s_t_e_n_t is defined, and _s_e_t_h_o_s_t_e_n_t and _e_n_d_h_o_s_t_e_n_t are
- redefined, when _l_i_b_c is built to use only the routines to
- lookup in _/_e_t_c_/_h_o_s_t_s and not the name server.
-
- _G_e_t_h_o_s_t_e_n_t reads the next line of _/_e_t_c_/_h_o_s_t_s, opening the
- file if necessary.
-
- _S_e_t_h_o_s_t_e_n_t is redefined to open and rewind the file. If
- the _s_t_a_y_o_p_e_n argument is non-zero, the hosts data base
- will not be closed after each call to _g_e_t_h_o_s_t_b_y_n_a_m_e or
- _g_e_t_h_o_s_t_b_y_a_d_d_r. _E_n_d_h_o_s_t_e_n_t is redefined to close the file.
-
- BBUUGGSS
- All information is contained in a static area so it must
- be copied if it is to be saved. Only the Internet address
- format is currently understood.
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